IMPLEMENTASI AI-ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPAS SEKOLAH DASAR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA

Abstract

 The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed educational practices by enabling adaptive, personalized, and student-centered learning environments. One of the emerging innovations is AI-Adaptive Systems, which dynamically adjust learning content, instructional strategies, and feedback according to students' individual characteristics and learning progress. This study aims to analyze the opportunities, challenges, and implementation of AI-Adaptive Systems through blended learning in elementary Integrated Science and Social Studies (IPAS) to enhance students' critical thinking skills. This study employed a qualitative approach using a literature review method. Data were collected exclusively from the Scopus database following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The initial search identified 212 articles, of which 19 met the inclusion criteria and were subsequently analyzed using content analysis. The findings reveal that AI-Adaptive Systems provide substantial opportunities to improve IPAS learning by facilitating personalized instruction, adaptive feedback, inquiry-based learning, formative assessment, and student engagement, all of which contribute to the development of critical thinking skills. However, several challenges remain, including limited teacher competency in AI integration, inadequate digital infrastructure, concerns regarding the accuracy of AI-generated information, ethical and data privacy issues, and students' overreliance on AI technologies. Furthermore, integrating AI-Adaptive Systems into blended learning environments offers an effective instructional strategy by combining face-to-face and online learning to create more flexible, interactive, and meaningful learning experiences. Therefore, strengthening teachers' AI competencies, improving digital infrastructure, and establishing responsible AI governance are essential to maximize the educational benefits of AI-Adaptive Systems in elementary IPAS learning.